"A zem byla klidná"- světotvorba a topografie v moderním skotském románu

The purpose of this study is to analyse the manner in which contemporary Scottish literature imagines Scotland, especially in the light of the recent political changes in the country, as well as the changes in the perception of its national identity in global terms. The focus will be on the literary representations of the Scottish landscape, following Cairns Craig argument that locality is crucial to Scottish literature and its national imagination. While the fictional rendering of both the rural and urban Scottish landscape might have acted as a 'paradigm of national consciousness' in the past, in contemporary Scottish literature it can now be seen as a form of speculative worldmaking that reflects, satirizes and debates the social and political dispensation of the nation, and aims towards the subversion of the representation of a single Scottish national identity. The texts under consideration all deploy the Scottish social and topographical panorama in a unique manner which results in a literary representation of multiple versions of Scotland that often coexist together. This thesis traces the development of this thematic concern in the contemporary Scots novel from the 1980s to the present through the analysis of the works of three major Scottish contemporary writers: Alasdair Gray, Janice...Cílem této práce je analyzovat představy Skotska v současné skotské literatuře, obzvláště v kontextu nedávných politických změn ve Skotsku, a také změn ve vnímání skotské národní identity celosvětově. Práce se zaměřuje na zobrazení skotské krajiny v literatuře, vycházejíc z Cairnse Craiga, jenž tvrdí, že pro skotskou literaturu a skotskou národní imaginaci je klíčové lokální cítění. Zatímco v minulosti mohlo fiktivní ztvárnění krajiny skotského venkova a města sloužit určitému modelu národního povědomí, v současné skotské literatuře je spíše záležitostí spekulativní "světotvorby", jež reflektuje a satirizuje sociální a politické zřízení skotského národa a jejímž cílem je zpochybnit jednolitost skotské národní identity. Skotské sociální a topografické panorama je ve všech rozebraných textech natolik unikátní, že výsledkem je zobrazení několika koexistujících verzí Skotska. Tato práce sleduje vývoj tohoto tematického aspektu ve skotském románu od osmdesátých let minulého století až do současnosti a zamřuje se na dílo tří významných skotských autorů: Alasdaira Graye, Janice Gallowayové a Iaina M. Bankse. První kapitola se věnuje teoretickým východiskům, na jejichž základě je provedena literární analýza. Nejprve se diskutuje vztah mezi "národními identitami a kulturními rámci, v nichž jsou tyto...Ústav anglofonních literatur a kulturDepartment of Anglophone Literatures and CulturesFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

Current practices and perceived barriers to tobacco-treatment delivery among healthcare professionals from 15 European countries. The EPACTT Plus project

Introduction: The latest evidence-based Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Dependence highlight the significant role of healthcare professionals in supporting smokers interested to quit. This study aimed to identify the current practices of healthcare professionals in Europe and perceived barriers in delivering tobacco treatment to their patients who smoke. Methods: In the context of EPACTT-Plus, collaborating institutions from 15 countries (Albania, Armenia, Belgium, Italy, France, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Romania, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Ukraine) worked for the development of an accredited eLearning course on Tobacco Treatment Delivery available at http://elearning-ensp.eu/. In total, 444 healthcare professionals from the wider European region successfully completed the course from December 2018 to July 2019. Cross-sectional data were collected online on healthcare professionals' current practices and perceived barriers in introducing tobacco-dependence treatment into their daily clinical life. Results: At registration, 41.2% of the participants reported having asked their patients if they smoked. Advise to quit smoking was offered by 47.1% of the participants, while 29.5% reported offering assistance to their patients who smoked in order to quit. From the total number of participants, 39.9% regarded the lack of patient compliance as a significant barrier. Other key barriers were lack of: interest from the patients (37.4%), healthcare professionals training (33.1%), community resources to refer patients (31.5%), and adequate time during their everyday clinical life (29.7%). Conclusions: The identification of current practices and significant barriers is important to build evidence-based guidelines and training programs (online and/or live) that will improve the performance of healthcare professionals in offering tobacco-dependence treatment for their patients who smoke

Impact of the ENSP eLearning platform on improving knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy for treating tobacco dependence: An assessment across 15 European countries

Introduction: In 2018, the European Network for Smoking Cessation and Prevention (ENSP) released an update to its Tobacco Treatment Guidelines for healthcare professionals, which was the scientific base for the development of an accredited eLearning curriculum to train healthcare professionals, available in 14 languages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ENSP eLearning curriculum in increasing healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy (perceived behavioral control) and intentions in delivering tobacco treatment interventions in their daily clinical routines. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental pre-post design study with 444 healthcare professionals, invited by 20 collaborating institutions from 15 countries (Albania, Armenia, Belgium, Italy, France, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Romania, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Ukraine), which completed the eLearning course between December 2018 and July 2019. Results: Healthcare professionals' self-reported knowledge improved after the completion of each module of the eLearning program. Increases in healthcare professionals' self-efficacy in delivering tobacco treatment interventions (p<0.001) were also documented. Significant improvements were documented in intentions to address tobacco use as a priority, document tobacco use, offer support, provide brief counselling, give written material, discuss available medication, prescribe medication, schedule dedicated appointment to develop a quit plan, and be persistent in addressing tobacco use with the patients (all p<0.001). Conclusions: An evidence-based digital intervention can be effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and intentions on future delivery of tobacco-treatment interventions

Current practices and perceived barriers to tobacco treatment delivery among healthcare professionals from 15 European countries. The EPACTT Plus project

INTRODUCTION The latest evidence-based Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Dependence highlight the significant role of healthcare professionals in supporting smokers interested to quit. This study aimed to identify the current practices of healthcare professionals in Europe and perceived barriers in delivering tobacco treatment to their patients who smoke. METHODS In the context of EPACTT-Plus, collaborating institutions from 15 countries (Albania, Armenia, Belgium, Italy, France, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Romania, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Ukraine) worked for the development of an accredited eLearning course on Tobacco Treatment Delivery available at http:// elearning-ensp.eu/. In total, 444 healthcare professionals from the wider European region successfully completed the course from December 2018 to July 2019. Cross-sectional data were collected online on healthcare professionals’ current practices and perceived barriers in introducing tobacco-dependence treatment into their daily clinical life. RESULTS At registration, 41.2% of the participants reported having asked their patients if they smoked. Advise to quit smoking was offered by 47.1% of the participants, while 29.5% reported offering assistance to their patients who smoked in order to quit. From the total number of participants, 39.9% regarded the lack of patient compliance as a significant barrier. Other key barriers were lack of: interest from the patients (37.4%), healthcare professionals training (33.1%), community resources to refer patients (31.5%), and adequate time during their everyday clinical life (29.7%). CONCLUSIONS The identification of current practices and significant barriers is important to build evidence-based guidelines and training programs (online and/or live) that will improve the performance of healthcare professionals in offering tobacco-dependence treatment for their patients who smoke

Impact of the ENSP eLearning platform on improving knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy for treating tobacco dependence. An assessment across 15 European countries

INTRODUCTION In 2018, the European Network for Smoking Cessation and Prevention (ENSP) released an update to its Tobacco Treatment Guidelines for healthcare professionals, which was the scientific base for the development of an accredited eLearning curriculum to train healthcare professionals, available in 14 languages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ENSP eLearning curriculum in increasing healthcare professionals’ knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy (perceived behavioral control) and intentions in delivering tobacco treatment interventions in their daily clinical routines. METHODS We conducted a quasi-experimental pre-post design study with 444 healthcare professionals, invited by 20 collaborating institutions from 15 countries (Albania, Armenia, Belgium, Italy, France, Georgia, Greece, Kosovo, Romania, North Macedonia, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Ukraine), which completed the eLearning course between December 2018 and July 2019. RESULTS Healthcare professionals’ self-reported knowledge improved after the completion of each module of the eLearning program. Increases in healthcare professionals’ self-efficacy in delivering tobacco treatment interventions (p&lt;0.001) were also documented. Significant improvements were documented in intentions to address tobacco use as a priority, document tobacco use, offer support, provide brief counselling, give written material, discuss available medication, prescribe medication, schedule dedicated appointment to develop a quit plan, and be persistent in addressing tobacco use with the patients (all p&lt;0.001). CONCLUSIONS An evidence-based digital intervention can be effective in improving knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and intentions on future delivery of tobacco-treatment interventions

A Survey of the European Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (EABIP)

Publisher Copyright: © Copyright 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel. All rights reserved.Background: Airway stenting (AS) commenced in Europe circa 1987 with the first placement of a dedicated silicone airway stent. Subsequently, over the last 3 decades, AS was spread throughout Europe, using different insertion techniques and different types of stents. Objectives: This study is an international survey conducted by the European Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (EABIP) focusing on AS practice within 26 European countries. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all EABIP National Delegates in February 2015. National delegates were responsible for obtaining precise and objective data regarding the current AS practice in their country. The deadline for data collection was February 2016. Results: France, Germany, and the UK are the 3 leading countries in terms of number of centres performing AS. These 3 nations represent the highest ranked nations within Europe in terms of gross national income. Overall, pulmonologists perform AS exclusively in 5 countries and predominately in 12. AS is performed almost exclusively in public hospitals. AS performed under general anaesthesia is the rule for the majority of institutions, and local anaesthesia is an alternative in 9 countries. Rigid bronchoscopy techniques are predominant in 20 countries. Amongst commercially available stents, both Dumon and Ultraflex are by far the most commonly deployed. Finally, 11 countries reported that AS is an economically viable activity, while 10 claimed that it is not. Conclusion: This EABIP survey demonstrates that there is significant heterogeneity in AS practice within Europe. Therapeutic bronchoscopy training and economic issues/reimbursement for procedures are likely to be the primary reasons explaining these findings.publishersversionpublishe

Current Practice of Airway Stenting in the Adult Population in Europe: A Survey of the European Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (EABIP)

Background: Airway stenting (AS) commenced in Europe circa 1987 with the first placement of a dedicated silicone airway stent. Subsequently, over the last 3 decades, AS was spread throughout Europe, using different insertion techniques and different types of stents. Objectives: This study is an international survey conducted by the European Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (EABIP) focusing on AS practice within 26 European countries. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all EABIP National Delegates in February 2015. National delegates were responsible for obtaining precise and objective data regarding the current AS practice in their country. The deadline for data collection was February 2016. Results: France, Germany, and the UK are the 3 leading countries in terms of number of centres performing AS. These 3 nations represent the highest ranked nations within Europe in terms of gross national income. Overall, pulmonologists perform AS exclusively in 5 countries and predominately in 12. AS is performed almost exclusively in public hospitals. AS performed under general anaesthesia is the rule for the majority of institutions, and local anaesthesia is an alternative in 9 countries. Rigid bronchoscopy techniques are predominant in 20 countries. Amongst commercially available stents, both Dumon and Ultraflex are by far the most commonly deployed. Finally, 11 countries reported that AS is an economically viable activity, while 10 claimed that it is not. Conclusion: This EABIP survey demonstrates that there is significant heterogeneity in AS practice within Europe. Therapeutic bronchoscopy training and economic issues/reimbursement for procedures are likely to be the primary reasons explaining these findings. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Base

Prvky komiky v dramatickém zpracování konfliktu v Severním Irsku v období po jeho ukončení

The purpose of this MA thesis is to analyse the function of the comic elements in several post-conflict Northern Irish plays that deal with the legacy of the Troubles. This thesis stems from the hypothesis that the approach towards the armed conflict has changed during the 20 years of peace and has allowed playwrights to offer comical perspectives that not only critically engage with the issue, but at the same time help both sides of the conflict deal with the remaining trauma caused by it. The thesis provides a close reading of four Northern Irish plays which have achieved a considerable critical acclaim. The four plays chosen for the purpose of this MA thesis are: Tim Loane's comedies Caught Red Handed (2002), produced by the Tinderbox Theatre Company, and first performed in 2002 as a site-specific piece at the Northern Bank Building in Belfast; To Be Sure (2007), also written by Tim Loane, which premiered at the Lyric Theatre in Belfast five years later;1 The History of the Troubles (accordin' to my Da) (2002), a collaboration between the playwright Martin Lynch and the comedians Connor Grimes and Alan McKee, first performed at the Northern Bank as a commission by the Cathedral Quarter Arts Festival; and David Ireland's Cyprus Avenue (2016), which premiered the Abbey Theatre in 2016. The choice...Cílem této magisterské práce je analyzovat funkci komických prvků v několika post- konfliktních severoirských divadelních hrách, které se zabývají odkazem konfliktu v severním Irsku rovněž přezdívaného Troubles. Východiskem práce je hypotéza, dle které se během dvacetiletého míru přístup k ozbrojenému konfliktu proměnil a umožnil dramatikům, aby ho nahlédli z komických hledisek, jež téma nejen kriticky reflektují, ale zároveň oběma stranám konfliktu pomáhají vyrovnat se s traumatem, které po něm přetrvává. Práce prezentuje pozorné čtení čtyř severoirských her, které se dočkaly značného uznání kritiky. Vybranými hrami jsou: komedie Tima Loanea Caught Red Handed (2002) v produkci Tinderbox Theatre Company, poprvé uvedená v roce 2002 coby site-specific představení v budově bývalé Northern Bank v Belfastu; komedie To Be Sure (2007), rovněž od Tima Loanea, která měla premiéru o pět let později v belfastském Lyric Theatre1; The History of the Troubles (accordin' to my Da) (2002), společné dílo dramatika Martina Lynche a komiků Connora Grimese a Alana McKeeho, vzniklé na zakázku pro Cathedral Quarter Arts Festival, a hra Davida Irelanda Cyprus Avenue (2016), prvně uvedená v Abbey Theatre v roce 2016. Výběr her podléhal několika kritériím. Zaprvé byly vybrané kusy napsány po Velkopáteční dohodě. Časový...Ústav anglofonních literatur a kulturDepartment of Anglophone Literatures and CulturesFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

"And the Land Lay Still"- Worldmaking, Topography and the Modern Scots Novel

The purpose of this study is to analyse the manner in which contemporary Scottish literature imagines Scotland, especially in the light of the recent political changes in the country, as well as the changes in the perception of its national identity in global terms. The focus will be on the literary representations of the Scottish landscape, following Cairns Craig argument that locality is crucial to Scottish literature and its national imagination. While the fictional rendering of both the rural and urban Scottish landscape might have acted as a 'paradigm of national consciousness' in the past, in contemporary Scottish literature it can now be seen as a form of speculative worldmaking that reflects, satirizes and debates the social and political dispensation of the nation, and aims towards the subversion of the representation of a single Scottish national identity. The texts under consideration all deploy the Scottish social and topographical panorama in a unique manner which results in a literary representation of multiple versions of Scotland that often coexist together. This thesis traces the development of this thematic concern in the contemporary Scots novel from the 1980s to the present through the analysis of the works of three major Scottish contemporary writers: Alasdair Gray, Janice..

Comic Elements in the Post-Conflict Dramatic Representation of the Troubles in Northern Ireland

The purpose of this MA thesis is to analyse the function of the comic elements in several post-conflict Northern Irish plays that deal with the legacy of the Troubles. This thesis stems from the hypothesis that the approach towards the armed conflict has changed during the 20 years of peace and has allowed playwrights to offer comical perspectives that not only critically engage with the issue, but at the same time help both sides of the conflict deal with the remaining trauma caused by it. The thesis provides a close reading of four Northern Irish plays which have achieved a considerable critical acclaim. The four plays chosen for the purpose of this MA thesis are: Tim Loane's comedies Caught Red Handed (2002), produced by the Tinderbox Theatre Company, and first performed in 2002 as a site-specific piece at the Northern Bank Building in Belfast; To Be Sure (2007), also written by Tim Loane, which premiered at the Lyric Theatre in Belfast five years later;1 The History of the Troubles (accordin' to my Da) (2002), a collaboration between the playwright Martin Lynch and the comedians Connor Grimes and Alan McKee, first performed at the Northern Bank as a commission by the Cathedral Quarter Arts Festival; and David Ireland's Cyprus Avenue (2016), which premiered the Abbey Theatre in 2016. The choice..